The three prior studies that have made this distinction were recently conducted solely to develop constructvalid measures of both. Mcgregors theory of motivation presentation by anisur rehman theory x theory y marketing lecture series marketing lecture in hindi marketing lecture in hindienglish marketing. Theory x and theory y are still referred to regularly in the fields of management and motivation. First, there has been a failure to distinguish between theory xy attitudes and theory. Features of mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation. In this video, we go over mcgregors theory x and theory y. He avoided descriptive labels and simply called the theories theory x and theory y. Douglas mcgregor is a social psychologist and applied two sets of assumptions to the. In 1960, douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two aspects of human behaviour at work, or in other words, two different views of individuals employees. Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. Theory x and theory y team management training from. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation. I knew instinctively that mcgregor s assessment of the traditional view management, which he names theory x, was true because i had worked in x environments for years, trying to run y divisions.
It is to mcgregors thorough research and curiosity in behavior and incentive that we owe our current understanding of theory x and theory y. Abstract what motivates you to do a great job when you go to work. Theory x managers believe that their employees come to work just to earn a living, and that they. Free xy theory test tool personal and organizational pdf. Theory x is related to traditional approach about people and theory y is related to modern approach about people. X and consider using the techniques suggested by theory y. Theory x and theory y from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia this article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling you can assist by editing it. What are the criticism of mcgregors theory x and theory y. Read this article to learn about mcgregors theory of x and theory y. Mcgregors theory x and theory y organizational behavior. Social psychologist mcgregor s theoryx and theory yof mit expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s. Mcgregor s six assumptions of theory y and his ideas of integrating individual and organization goals are congruent with the main planks in. The x y theory questionnaire page 1 of 2 indicates whether the situation and management style is the x or y style.
Theory x and theory y type leadership behavior and its. Motivation, theory x and y, classroom, management manager and organisation. Dogan unlucan mcgregor theories x and theory y student. Theory x, theory y by douglas mcgregor is a motivation theory. Theoryx and theoryy represent two exact opposites of extremes. A multilevel, multisource analysis article pdf available in journal of managerial issues 2714. Social psychologist mcgregors theoryx and theoryyof mit expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s. Theory x and theory y in his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor proposed two theories by which to view employee motivation. Douglas mcgregors theory x is a conventional procedure of motivating employees based on negative assumptions. Mcgregor promoted theory y as the basis of good management practice, pioneering the argument that workers are not merely cogs in the company machinery, as theory x type organizations seemed to believe. Theory y put forward the idea that management by objectives and involving workers in the decisionmaking process would lead to the creation of a satisfied and more productive workforce.
In the 1960s, douglas murray mcgregor, a famous mit professor of management wrote a book named the human side of enterprise in which he analyzed the various. Theory x management style generally get poor results compare with managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Theory x and theory y describe two views of people at work and may be used to describe two opposing management styles. Mcgregor s ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. Theory x is management style where the emphasis is on productivity,on the concept of a.
Douglas mcgregors theory x vs theory y lucidchart blog. Managements action of motivating human beings in the organization, according to mcgregor, involves certain assumptions. One criticism of mcgregors theory x is that it creates diseconomies of scale in large applications. Theory x and theory y mcgregors theory x and theory y. Application of theory x and y in classroom management by. He was a strong supporter of theories x and y, and he put theory y that people want to work, achieve and take responsibility into practice in a californian electronics factory. Critically evaluate mcgregors theroy x and theory y. Theory x theory x is a management theory that was brought forward by mcgregor douglas on the basis that the major obligation of any management is to bring together all necessary factors of production. The work of douglas mcgregor, 2 application of the theory the thoroughly dramatic plot by members of hitlers staff to exterminate their leader is painstakingly. Theory x and theory y was an idea devised by douglas mcgregor in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise.
Douglas mcgregor has developed two sets of assumptions about human behaviour. Theory x and theory y on employee motivation helps organizations. Therefore, the theory seems to be invalid due to this relatively unrealistic and inadequate analysis. In contrast, theory y is a diametrically opposite approach. My boss asks me politely to do things, gives me reasons why, and invites my suggestions. These are important concepts in the field of motivation theories.
Mcgregors theory x and theory y theory of motivation. Theory xy douglas mcgregor and theory z william ouichi. First, there has been a failure to distinguish between theory x y attitudes and theory x y behaviors. Theory x and y created by mcgregor has been a valid basic principle. This is the idea behind douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y. Theory x and theory y by mcgregor relevance custom phd. Theory into practice abraham maslow viewed mcgregor as a mentor. He referred to these opposing motivational methods as theory x and theory y management. Theory x and theory y explains how your perceptions can affect your. Theory x and theory y behavior scale kopelman, prottas, and falk, 2008. Two of the surveys had to be eliminated due to missing information.
Older, strictly hierarchical conceptions of c2, with narrow centralization of decision rights, highly constrained. This paper will focus on leadership styles contingency model, douglas mcgregors theory x, and theory y and robert houses leaderships based on traits and pathgoal leadership theory. Comparative analysis of theory x, theory y, theory z, and theory. Douglas mcgregor is the one who constructed theory x and y in the 1960s. Do you care about the goals of the organization that you work for, or do you focus more on getting a regular paycheck to bring home. Analysis of douglas mcgregor s theory x and theory y and. Douglas mcgregor has developed a theory of motivation of the basis of hypotheses relating to human. In addition to the invalid assumption of mcgregors theory, there is another drawback concerning. Motivation, theory x and y, classroom, management manager and organisation introduction douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous theory x and y in his book the human side of enterprise in 1960. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, mcgregor s x y theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management style and techniques. Mcgregors theory x, y and ouchis z motivation self. Xy theory questionnaire score the statements 5 always, 4 mostly, 3 often, 2 occasionally, 1 rarely, 0 never to indicate whether the situation and management style is x or y. The relationship between mcgregors xy theory management.
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